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1. CS: Company Secretary
   1. Company Secretary (CS) – Eligibility Criteria
   2. Company Secretary Jobs
2. Other full forms of CS

CS: Company Secretary

In the field of commerce, CS stands for “Company Secretary”. It is a senior position in private and public sector organizations. Company Secretary (CS) is one of the high-paid jobs in the private sector and big public organizations. This is often a position of manager or even higher. A CS is responsible for maintaining and auditing the company’s tax returns, keeping records, advising the board of directors regarding the financial health of the company and ensuring that the company complies with legal and statutory regulations.

To be able to professionally practice Company Secretaryship, you has to complete professional training and pass examinations. After completing CS course you can become CS. Any student who aspires to become a certified Company Secretary must fulfill the below-mentioned eligibility criteria to pursue the programme:

• Minimum qualification required to register for the first level (Foundation Programme or CSEET) of Company Secretary course is Class 12th pass in any stream (excluding Fine Arts) from a recognized university or equivalent.
• Students who want to join CS course after 10+2 pass or equivalent have to go through three stages to pursue Company Secretary course: Foundation Program, Executive Programme and Professional Programme.
• Candidate who wish to pursue CS after graduation will have to complete only two levels: Executive Programme and Professional Programme.
• Those who have completed graduation, post graduation (excluding fine arts) and have cleared Foundation level of CA and Cost Accounting course by ICWAI can directly take admission to CS Executive level.

Check out the jobs which you can look for, with a CS graduate degree.

Other full forms of CS

NOC: No Objection Certificate

The full form of NOC is No Objection Certificate. NOC is a type of legal certificate issued by any organization, agency, institute or, in certain cases, an individual, to say that they have no objection to the details mentioned in the document. Most of the government organizations require this certification. For example, it may be used for a lawsuit, employment, trade, immigration, and similar purposes to nullify any objection by the party concerned in the process. Furthermore, it can be used for or against in the court of law. It contains the details of the parties involved, and it is addressed to whosoever is concerned.

Other full forms of NOC

KRA: Key Result Area

The full form of KRA is “Key Result Area” or “Key Responsibility Area“. Key result areas (KRA) refer to the general metrics or parameters that the organization has established for a specific function. These data can be used as an evaluation tool since they show the overall performance of that entity. The term describes the scope of the job profile and covers approximately 80% of the job function of an individual or employee.

The Key Responsibility Area (KRA) is based on the Employee Job Description (JD) and they are solely responsible for the specific KRAs assigned to them. Employees must be very clear about their contribution to the overall profitability of the organization. KRAs are designed by the organization or company to measure the performance of its employees in an orderly manner and can also be used as an evaluation tool since this data is based on its overall performance. For example, as a human resources (HR) recruiter for the company, HR‘s KRA would be to recruit and train employees, evaluations of their performance, process worksheets, etc.

Other full forms of KRA

IPO: Initial Public Offering

The full form of IPO is Initial Public Offering. An initial public offering (IPO) is the first time a company issues shares to the public. This is when a private company decides to go ‘public’. Before the IPO, a company has very few shareholders. This includes the founders, angel investors and venture capitalists. But during an IPO, the company opens its shares for sale to the public. As an investor, you can buy shares directly from the company and become a shareholder.

This guide will break down the steps involved in the process, which can take anywhere from six months to over a year to complete. Below are the steps a company must undertake to go public via an IPO process:

The first step in the IPO process is for the issuing company to choose an investment bank to advise the company on its IPO and to provide underwriting services.

Underwriting is the process through which an investment bank (the underwriter) acts as a broker between the issuing company and the investing public to help the issuing company sell its initial set of shares. 

After the IPO is approved by the SEC, the effective date is decided. On the day before the effective date, the issuing company and the underwriter decide the offer price (i.e., the price at which the shares will be sold by the issuing company) and the precise number of shares to be sold. Deciding the offer price is important because it is the price at which the issuing company raises capital for itself.

After the issue has been brought to the market, the underwriter has to provide analyst recommendations, after-market stabilization, and create a market for the stock issued.

The final stage of the IPO process, the transition to market competition, starts 25 days after the initial public offering, once the “quiet period” mandated by the SEC ends.

Other full forms of IPO

• Intellectual Property Office
• Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation
• Interprocedural Optimization
• Indian Patent Office
• Israel Philharmonic Orchestra
• Intellectual Property Owners
• Interest Paid On
• Integrated Program Office
• Investing Pays Off
• Intercept Point Optimization
• Internet Protocol Over ….
• It’s Probably Overpriced
• Institutional Parole Officer
• Internationale Pruefungs Ordnung
• Immediate Profit Opportunities
• Input, Processing, and Output
• Installation Productivity Option
• Instant Porsche Owner
• Internet Phase One
• Infrastructure Production Operations
• Insane Peoples Outing
• I Peek Out
• Ideological, Political, and Organizational
• Indian Postal Order

EPC: Engineering, Procurement and Construction

The full form of EPC is Engineering, Procurement and Construction. It is also called as LSTK (Lump Sum Turn Key), EPIC (Engineering, Procurement, Installation & Commissioning) and EPCC (Engineering, Procurement, Construction and Commissioning). It is a form of contract in the construction industry. The contract is made between the contractor and the client. In the Engineering, Procurement and Construction (EPC) model, the Contractor is responsible for all activities, from the design, procurement construction, commissioning and delivery of the project to the End User or Owner, within a predetermined fixed schedule and may also imply scope for a penalty in case of excessive time. The client and the contractor must analyze each point in detail to avoid confusion and incompatibilities with the client’s requirements. Once the contract is made, it is the contractor’s responsibility to keep expenses on budget and complete the project within the specified time frame.

Other full forms of EPC

1) AMC: Annual Maintenance Contract

The full form of AMC is “Annual Maintenance Contract“. AMC provides security in all IT services, such as computers, plotters, printers, laptops, etc. It is also known as annual maintenance charges. Under this agreement, a manufacturer or any other service provider provides customer/buyer services for the repair and maintenance of their valuable products. The duration of the Annual Maintenance Contract (AMC) may vary from 1 to 3 years, in accordance with the mutual consent of both parties. You can also extend the term if you want to continue with the service.

It usually includes service support, but if you choose a comprehensive maintenance contract (CMC) for IT support, it will also cover IT support and replacement services at affordable prices. This maintenance service can be paid or free, according to the contract signed between the manufacturer and the buyer.

2) AMC: Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita

Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita (AMC) refers to the development of multiple joint contractures that affect two or more areas of the body before birth. A contracture occurs when a joint is permanently fixed in a bent or straightened position. This disorder develops in the prenatal stage (before birth) and is evident at birth (congenital) and involves limited mobility of multiple joints. Symptoms differ dramatically from person to person, including muscle weakness and stiff joints. The parts of the body that probably have no movement are the wrists, hands, shoulders, elbows, hips, knees and feet. 70-80% of cases of the most severe forms of arthrogryposis are caused by neurological abnormalities, which may be genetic or environmental. Unlike many other diseases, lack of movement does not get worse over time. However, it is necessary to seek treatment to avoid further deterioration in the joints.

3) Other full forms of AMC