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A tornadic vortex signature, abbreviated TVS, is a Pulse-Doppler radar weather radar detected rotation algorithm that indicates the likely presence of a strong mesocyclone that is in some stage of tornadogenesis. It may give meteorologists the ability to pinpoint and track the location of tornadic rotation within a larger storm, but it is not an important feature in the National Weather Service's warning operations.

The tornadic vortex signature was first identified by Donald W. Burgess, Leslie R. Lemon, and Rodger A. Brown in the 1970s using experimental Doppler radar at the National Severe Storms Laboratory (NSSL) in Norman, Oklahoma. The National Weather Service (NWS) now uses an updated algorithm developed by NSSL, the tornado detection algorithm (TDA) based on data from its WSR-88D system of radars. NSSL also developed the mesocyclone detection algorithm (MDA).

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In chemistry, the descriptor geminal refers to the relationship between two atoms or functional groups that are attached to the same atom. The word comes from Latin gemini meaning "twins". A geminal diol, for example, is a diol (a molecule that has two alcohol functional groups) attached to the same carbon atom, as in methanediol. Also the shortened prefix gem may be applied to a chemical name to denote this relationship, as in a gem-dibromide for "geminal dibromide".

The concept is important in many branches of chemistry, including synthesis and spectroscopy, because functional groups attached to the same atom often behave differently from when they are separated. Geminal diols, for example, are easily converted to ketones or aldehydes with loss of water.

The related term vicinal refers to the relationship between two functional groups that are attached to adjacent atoms. The relative arrangement of two functional groups can also be described by the descriptors α and β.

Gemini may refer to:

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Grenoble Ecole de Management (GEM) is a French graduate business school renowned for its teaching in Innovation and Management.

The consular institution was founded in 1984 in Grenoble, in the Auvergne-Rhone Alpes region, by the Chamber of Commerce and Industry (CCI) of Grenoble.

GEM's curriculums are specialized in business strategy, finance, marketing, innovation and technology management and recognized for expertise & research in leadership reviews.

GEM is part of the Conférence des Grandes écoles, and is one of the only 1% of business schools in the world which holds the "Triple Crown" of international business school accreditations: EQUIS by the EFMD, AMBA, and the AACSB.

The school offers undergraduate and graduate programs : Master in Management, MSc, MBA, EMBA, DBA and PhD in management, and bachelor's degrees as well as executive education for managers and leaders in its two French campuses: Grenoble and Paris and its twelve international campuses.

GEM has the status of a Consular Higher Education Institution (EESC), owns an academic staff of 700 and 9,000 students among 159 nationalities enrolled in graduate and undergraduate programmes.

The school has been ranked second after HEC for sustainable & ecology development by Le Figaro, FT and Davos's Forum. Grenoble's city wins the European Green Capital 2022 award delivered by the European Commission.

A gas electron multiplier (GEM) is a type of gaseous ionization detector used in nuclear and particle physics and radiation detection.

All gaseous ionization detectors are able to collect the electrons released by ionizing radiation, guiding them to a region with a large electric field, and thereby initiating an electron avalanche. The avalanche is able to produce enough electrons to create a current or charge large enough to be detected by electronics. In most ionization detectors, the large field comes from a thin wire with a positive high-voltage potential; this same thin wire collects the electrons from the avalanche and guides them towards the readout electronics. GEMs create the large electric field in small holes in a thin polymer sheet; the avalanche occurs inside of these holes. The resulting electrons are ejected from the sheet, and a separate system must be used to collect the electrons and guide them towards the readout.

GEMs are one of the class of micropattern gaseous detectors; this class includes micromegas and other technologies.

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The Global Environmental Multiscale Model (GEM), often known as the CMC model in North America, is an integrated forecasting and data assimilation system developed in the Recherche en Prévision Numérique (RPN), Meteorological Research Branch (MRB), and the Canadian Meteorological Centre (CMC). Along with the NWS's Global Forecast System (GFS), which runs out to 16 days, the ECMWF's Integrated Forecast System (IFS), which runs out 10 days, the Naval Research Laboratory Navy Global Environmental Model (NAVGEM), which runs out eight days, and the UK Met Office's Unified Model, which runs out to six days, it is one of the five predominant synoptic scale medium-range models in general use.

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