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INFO: Full form for LTCVD is Laser Thermal Chemical Vapor Deposition in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for UMJ is University of Muhammadiyah Jakarta in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for LTCVD is Low Temperature Chemical Vapor Depsition in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for OSCAR is Occupation and Skill Computer Assisted Researcher in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for ISSU is Indigenous Studies Student Union in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for LOPC is Laser-Optical Plankton Counter in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for ISSU is Indigenous Studies Students Union in Academic & Science category
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Naturalization (or naturalisation) is the legal act or process by which a non-citizen of a country may acquire citizenship or nationality of that country. It may be done automatically by a statute, i.e., without any effort on the part of the individual, or it may involve an application or a motion and approval by legal authorities. The rules of naturalization vary from country to country but typically include a promise to obey and uphold that country's laws, taking and subscribing to an oath of allegiance, and may specify other requirements such as a minimum legal residency and adequate knowledge of the national dominant language or culture. To counter multiple citizenship, most countries require that applicants for naturalization renounce any other citizenship that they currently hold, but whether this renunciation actually causes loss of original citizenship, as seen by the host country and by the original country, will depend on the laws of the countries involved.

The massive increase in population flux due to globalization and the sharp increase in the numbers of refugees following World War I created many stateless persons, people who were not citizens of any state. In some rare cases, laws for mass naturalization were passed. As naturalization laws had been designed to cater for the relatively few people who had voluntarily moved from one country to another (expatriates), many western democracies were not ready to naturalize large numbers of people. This included the massive influx of stateless people which followed massive denationalizations and the expulsion of ethnic minorities from newly created nation states in the first part of the 20th century. Also included were the mostly aristocratic Russians who had escaped the 1917 October Revolution and the war communism period, and then the Spanish refugees. As Hannah Arendt pointed out, internment camps became the "only nation" of such stateless people, since they were often considered "undesirable" and were stuck in an illegal situation. Their country had expelled them or deprived them of their nationality, while they had not been naturalized, thus living in a judicial no man's land.

Since World War II, the increase in international migrations created a new category of migrants, most of them economic migrants. For economic, political, humanitarian and pragmatic reasons, many states passed laws allowing a person to acquire their citizenship after birth, such as by marriage to a national – jus matrimonii – or by having ancestors who are nationals of that country, in order to reduce the scope of this category. However, in some countries this system still maintains a large part of the immigrant population in an illegal status, albeit with some massive regularizations. Example include Spain under José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero's government, and Italy under Silvio Berlusconi's government.

The Japan Center for Michigan Universities (ミシガン州立大学連合日本センター, Mishigan shūritsu daigaku rengō Nihon sentaa) (JCMU) is a study center operated by a consortium of the 15 public universities in the State of Michigan and the government of Shiga Prefecture in Japan. It is located on the shores of Lake Biwa, in the city of Hikone. Founded in 1989, JCMU offers May, summer, semester, and academic-year programs for the study of Japanese language and culture for American college and university students, a substantial number of them from Michigan, and provides English language instruction to serve the needs of the local Japanese population. The US administrative offices of JCMU are located at Michigan State University.

The James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT) is a submillimetre-wavelength radio telescope at Mauna Kea Observatory in Hawaii, US. The telescope is near the summit of Mauna Kea at 13,425 feet (4,092 m). Its primary mirror is 15 metres (16.4 yards) across: it is the largest single-dish telescope that operates in submillimetre wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum (far-infrared to microwave). Scientists use it to study the Solar System, interstellar dust and gas, and distant galaxies.

The JCMT started operations in 1987, and was funded until February 2015 by a partnership between the United Kingdom and Canada, and the Netherlands. It was operated by the Joint Astronomy Centre and was named in honour of mathematical physicist James Clerk Maxwell. In March 2015 the operation of the JCMT was taken over by the East Asian Observatory. Funding is provided by the National Astronomical Observatory of China, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute, and the Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics of Taiwan.

The telescope was combined with the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory next to it to form the first submillimetre astronomical interferometer. This success was important driving the construction of the later Submillimeter Array and the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) interferometers.

In recent years the JCMT has also taken part in Event Horizon Telescope observations, which produced the first direct image of a black hole. The JCMT was also involved in the discovery of phosphine, a potential biomarker, in the atmosphere of Venus.

INFO: Full form for ISSUE is Information Science Student Undergraduates Empowered in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for BBCA is Black Belt Casting Academy in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for SCSS is Society Of Catholic Social Scientists in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for SCSS is Scarborough College Student Society in Academic & Science category
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The Canadian Society of Soil Science (CSSS) is a non-governmental, non-profit organization for scientists, engineers, technologists, administrators and students involved in professional soil science. Its goal is to nurture the discipline of soil science in Canada.

INFO: Full form for SCSS is Société Canadienne de la Science du Sol in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for NCSD is National Centre for Sustainable Development in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for SCST is Society of Commercial Seed Technologists in Academic & Science category
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Asimov's Science Fiction is an American science fiction magazine which publishes science fiction and fantasy named after science fiction author Isaac Asimov. It is currently published by Penny Publications. From January 2017, the publication frequency is bimonthly (six issues per year).

Circulation in 2012 was 22,593, as reported in the annual Locus Magazine survey.

INFO: Full form for SCST is Society for College Science Teachers in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for NFMT is Norwegian Music Therapy Association in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for NFML is Nuclear Fuels and Materials Library in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for NFMT is Norsk Forening for Musikkterapi in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for ISAT-SAC is Information Service and Technology - Student Advisory Committee in Academic & Science category

INFO: Full form for IASE is Institute for Advanced Science & Engineering in Academic & Science category
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The International Association for Statistical Education (IASE) is a section of the International Statistical Institute (ISI), a professional association of statisticians, devoted to statistics education. It was founded in 1991 as an outgrowth of the ISI Statistical Education Committee, which had operated since 1948.

Since 2002 the ISI and IASE have published the Statistics Education Research Journal. The IASE is also associated with the quadrennial International Conference on Teaching Statistics, with satellite conferences of the World Statistics Congress, and with smaller roundtable workshops.

The presidents of the IASE have includedDavid Vere-Jones (1991–1993),David S. Moore (1993–1995),Anne Hawkins (1995–1997),Maria Gabriella Ottaviani (1997–1999),Brian Phillips (1999–2001),Carmen Batanero (2001–2003),Chris Wild (2003–2005),Gilberte Schuyten (2005–2007),Allan Rossman (2007–2009),Helen MacGillivray (2009–2011),John Harraway (2011–2013),Iddo Gal (2013–2015),Andrej Blejec (2015–2017),Gail F. Burrill (2017–2019),and Joachim Engel (2019–2021).

INFO: Full form for IASE is Idaho Academy of Science and Engineering in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for PNMC is Pennsylvania Nurses Middle College in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for IASH is Institute for the Advanced Studies of Health in Academic & Science category
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The Institute for Advanced Studies in the Humanities (IASH, University of Edinburgh) was founded in 1969 at the University of Edinburgh, for visiting fellows to engage in study and research in the arts, humanities and social sciences. The current Director (since 2017) is Steve Yearley. Other Directors have included David Daiches, Susan Manning and Jo Shaw.

Since 1969, IASH has received visits from over 1,300 fellows. Up to 25 Fellows are in residence at any one time, and visits last between two months and ten months. Each year IASH hosts the University of Edinburgh's annual Fulbright-Scotland Visiting Professorship. Notable former Fellows include Marianne Boruch, William C. Dowling, Sébastien Fath, Ruth Barcan Marcus, Edward Mendelson, Garry Wills, and Charles W.J. Withers.

IASH hosts or organises over 100 events per year.

The IASH Advisory Board includes Sir Michael Atiyah, Rosi Braidotti and Allan Little. It is chaired by Dorothy Miell.

IASH's premises are located in Hope Park Square off Meadow Lane in Edinburgh.

INFO: Full form for IASH is האקדמיה הישראלית הלאומית למדעים in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for IASH is Inter American Society of Hypertension in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for IASH is International Academy of Sound Healing in Academic & Science category
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Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, based in Jerusalem, was established in 1961 by the State of Israel to foster contact between Israeli scholars in the sciences and humanities and create a think tank for advising the government on research projects of national importance. Its members include many of Israel's most distinguished scholars.

The offices of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities are located next door to the official residence of the President of Israel and the Council for Higher Education in Israel in Albert Einstein Square in Jerusalem.

In the sciences, the Academy funds projects on the geology, flora, and fauna of Israel, and facilitates the participation of Israeli scientists in research at international projects, such as high-energy physics at CERN and synchrotron radiation at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility. Israel has the highest concentration of scientists and engineers in the world. The academy funds a number of prestigious awards in the sciences including the Alon Prize.

In the humanities, research is funded into the study of the Tanakh and Talmud, Jewish history, Jewish philosophy, Jewish art, and the Hebrew language, as well as Hebrew prose and poetry.

The Academy administers the Einstein Fellowships fund, which fosters relations between scientists from around the world and the Israeli academic community, the Israel Science Fund, with an annual budget of $53 million, and a number of research funds based on grants from the Adler Fund for Space Research, the Wolf Foundation, and the Fulks Fund for Medical Research. The Academy also runs the Israel Academic Center in Cairo, which assists Israeli scholars with research into Egypt and Egyptian culture, and facilitates cooperation with Egyptian academics.

The Academy has observer status at the European Science Foundation, and runs exchange programs with the British Royal Society, the British Academy, the Swedish Academy, and the National Research Council of Singapore.

The infrared atmospheric sounding interferometer (IASI) is a Fourier transform spectrometer based on the Michelson interferometer, associated with an integrated imaging system (IIS).

As part of the payload of the MetOp series of polar-orbiting meteorological satellites, there are currently two IASI instruments in operation: on MetOp-A (launched 19 October 2006) and on Met-Op B (launched 17 September 2012) with the third due for launch in 2018.

IASI is a nadir-viewing instrument recording infrared emission spectra from 645 to 2760 cm−1 at 0.25 cm−1 resolution (0.5 cm−1 after apodisation). Although primarily intended to provide information in near real-time on atmospheric temperature and water vapour to support weather forecasting, the concentrations of various trace gases can also be retrieved from the spectra.

INFO: Full form for LFF is Library Film Festival in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for RSCC is Revolutionary Student Coordinating Committee in Academic & Science category
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Roane State Community College is a public community college in eastern Tennessee with its main campus in Harriman. It was authorized by the Tennessee General Assembly in 1969, along with two other community colleges, and operates under the authority of the Tennessee Board of Regents.

There were 6,214 students as of fall 2013. The college's student-faculty ratio is 19:1.

Roane State's "main" campus is in Harriman. Additional campuses are located in Oak Ridge, LaFollette, Crossville, Jamestown, Knoxville, Lenoir City, Huntsville, and Wartburg.

INFO: Full form for GSRP is Geographic Search and Referencing Platform in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for GSRP is Graduate Student Researcher Program in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for GSRP is Gonzaga Science Research Program in Academic & Science category
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The National Council of Structural Engineers Associations (NCSEA) is a professional association in the United States, with member organizations in 44 states. NCSEA was established in 1993. As of 2003, NCSEA represented 12,000 individual engineers, who are members of local state associations.

NCSEA advances the practice of structural engineering and, as the national voice for practicing structural engineers, protects the public's right to safe, sustainable and cost effective buildings, bridges and other structures. It was formed to constantly improve the level of standard of practice of the structural engineering profession throughout the United States, and to provide an identifiable resource for those needing communication with the profession. NCSEA serves the needs of the structural engineering profession, its clientele, and ...Architects, Building Code and Enforcement Authorities, Construction Industry, Owners, Developers, Public Building Agencies, Disaster Response Organizations, Licensing and Registration Boards, Legislatures and Regulatory Agencies, Structural Material Trade Groups, Public News Media, Professional and Trade Organizations, and Engineering Societies.

INFO: Full form for GSRP is Graduate Student Recruiting Program in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for NCSF is National Centre for Forensic Studies in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for LLJ is Low Level Jet in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for LLJ is Lower- Level Jet in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for FASS is Faculty, Alumni, Staff, and Students in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for BTRE is Bureau of Transport and Regional Economics in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for BTRF is Biorepository and Tissue Research Facility in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for BTRA is Bombay Textile Research Association in Academic & Science category
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