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INFO: Full form for OER is Optical & Electronic Research in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for OER is Ocean Exploration and Research in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for OVA is Oxford Virtual Academy in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for OLF is Overload Factor in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for MDQ is Mediterranean Diet Questionnaire in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for NAF is Norges Apotekerforening in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for NAF is Norwegian Association of Pharmacists in Academic & Science category
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The National Anthropological Archives is a collection of historical and contemporary documents maintained by the Smithsonian Institution, which document the history of anthropology and the world's peoples and cultures. It is located in the Smithsonian's Museum Support Center in Suitland, Maryland, and is part of the Department of Anthropology at the National Museum of Natural History.

INFO: Full form for NAA is N Acetylaspartic acid in Academic & Science category
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Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a method widely used to rapidly make millions to billions of copies (complete copies or partial copies) of a specific DNA sample, allowing scientists to take a very small sample of DNA and amplify it (or a part of it) to a large enough amount to study in detail. PCR was invented in 1983 by the American biochemist Kary Mullis at Cetus Corporation. It is fundamental to many of the procedures used in genetic testing and research, including analysis of ancient samples of DNA and identification of infectious agents. Using PCR, copies of very small amounts of DNA sequences are exponentially amplified in a series of cycles of temperature changes. PCR is now a common and often indispensable technique used in medical laboratory research for a broad variety of applications including biomedical research and criminal forensics.

The majority of PCR methods rely on thermal cycling. Thermal cycling exposes reactants to repeated cycles of heating and cooling to permit different temperature-dependent reactions – specifically, DNA melting and enzyme-driven DNA replication. PCR employs two main reagents – primers (which are short single strand DNA fragments known as oligonucleotides that are a complementary sequence to the target DNA region) and a DNA polymerase. In the first step of PCR, the two strands of the DNA double helix are physically separated at a high temperature in a process called nucleic acid denaturation. In the second step, the temperature is lowered and the primers bind to the complementary sequences of DNA. The two DNA strands then become templates for DNA polymerase to enzymatically assemble a new DNA strand from free nucleotides, the building blocks of DNA. As PCR progresses, the DNA generated is itself used as a template for replication, setting in motion a chain reaction in which the original DNA template is exponentially amplified.

Almost all PCR applications employ a heat-stable DNA polymerase, such as Taq polymerase, an enzyme originally isolated from the thermophilic bacterium Thermus aquaticus. If the polymerase used was heat-susceptible, it would denature under the high temperatures of the denaturation step. Before the use of Taq polymerase, DNA polymerase had to be manually added every cycle, which was a tedious and costly process.

Applications of the technique include DNA cloning for sequencing, gene cloning and manipulation, gene mutagenesis; construction of DNA-based phylogenies, or functional analysis of genes; diagnosis and monitoring of genetic disorders; amplification of ancient DNA; analysis of genetic fingerprints for DNA profiling (for example, in forensic science and parentage testing); and detection of pathogens in nucleic acid tests for the diagnosis of infectious diseases.

The National Academy of Arbitrators (NAA) is a not-for-profit 501(c)(3) honorary and professional organization of labor arbitrators in the United States and Canada that was founded in 1947.

Members are chosen by involved parties to hear and decide thousands of labor and employment arbitration cases each year in private industry, the public sector and non-profits in both countries. Admission standards are rigorous in keeping with the goal of establishing and fostering the highest standards of integrity and competence. As of September 2010, the NAA had about 645 members.

The Academy’s purposes are educational and fraternal. As an amicus curiae (friend of the court), the Academy has participated in appellate litigation in both the United States and Canada where major issues affecting the integrity of arbitration are involved.

It also works cooperatively with sister organizations such as government agencies, professional organizations, institutions of higher learning, bar association committees, and other societies and associations in the field of labor-management and employment relations. In that regard, it was instrumental in adopting a "Due process protocol for arbitration", which among other things decries the use of mandatory pre-dispute arbitration agreements (outside of the collective bargaining agreement context.

The Academy is not an agency for the selection or appointment of arbitrators. It does invite and sponsor activities designed to improve the general understanding of the nature of arbitration and its use as a means of settling labor and employment disputes. It meets annually in May at anational convention that is open to non-members, at its members-only Fall Education Conference, and more often at Regional meetings that are, from time to time, also open to nonmembers.

The Academy’s purposes are said to be:

The Academy's official website, www.naarb.org, contains many resources including free access to over 50 volumes of "The Proceedings," recognized as authoritative commentary and research on the field of arbitration in labor management relations, the Code, the Due Process Protocol applicable to employment arbitration, and the Research and Education Foundation (REF), which accepts proposals for research and education grants meeting its specific criteria.

Academy members have produced two treatises - The Common Law of the Workplace, The Views of Arbitrators - Theodore J. St. Antoine, Editor, and Fifty Years in the World of Work - Gladys W. Gruenberg, Joyce M. Najita and Dennis R. Nolan, Editors. The website also includes the Academy's History, Officers and Committees, Constitution and By-Laws, Membership Guidelines, a Directory of Members with contact information, Regional Activities, as well as future meeting notices and registration information.

The organization meets twice per year: the "Annual meeting" is in late May, and includes participation by non-members; the fall "educational conference" where attendance is limited to members only.

The Northwestern University Alumni Association (NAA) is an alumni association dedicated to fostering an enduring relationship between Northwestern University and its alumni and friends. The NAA also helps to foster alumni-to-alumni connections through networking and mentoring opportunities, as well as provides regional, international, and affinity clubs, educational programs, young alumni chapters, and more.

INFO: Full form for NAA is National Alumni Association in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for WSG is Washington Sea Grant in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for WSG is Watershed Science Group in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for WSG is Wisconsin Student Government in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for WLH is William L. Harkness Hall in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for WLH is Warren Lecture Hall in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for WLH is World Lecture Hall in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for WLH is White apple LeafHopper in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for LEP is Language Elective Program in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for LEP is Language Expansion Program in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for LPS is Live Poets Society in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for LPS is Library Printing Services in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for LPS is Leafy Plazas and Streets in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for LPS is Liberal and Professional Studies in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for LPS is Limited Problem Solving in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for LPS is Logic and Philosophy of Science in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for LPS is Literacy Processing System in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for LIQ is Language Integrated Quantum in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for LLE is Late Language Emergence in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for LLE is Laboratory for Laser Energetics of the University of Rochester in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for RER is Rotax Electronic Reverse in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for TFF is Tetrafloroethylenflorua in Academic & Science category
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The Brazilian Chemical Society (Sociedade Brasileira de Química) is a not for profit organization that supports Chemistry in Brazil. It was founded in 1977.

It publishes the Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society.

The Brazilian Chemical Society (Sociedade Brasileira de Química) is a not for profit organization that supports Chemistry in Brazil. It was founded in 1977.

It publishes the Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society.

INFO: Full form for REE is Research in Engineering Education in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for EAA is Electronically Assisted Astronomy in Academic & Science category
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INFO: Full form for EAA is Elementary Alumni Association in Academic & Science category
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An extracurricular activity (ECA) or extra academic activity (EAA) or cultural activities is an activity, performed by students, that falls outside the realm of the normal curriculum of school, college or university education. Such activities are generally voluntary (as opposed to mandatory), social, philanthropic, and often involve others of the same age. Students and staff direct these activities under faculty sponsorship, although student-led initiatives, such as independent newspapers, are very common. However, sometimes the school principals and teachers also bring in these activities in the school among the students.