Explore topic-wise fullforms in Computer Hardware

INFO: Full form for LBN is Logical Block Number in Computer Hardware category
LBN also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for PBP is Passive Backplane Pisa (pci Industry Standard Architecture) in Computer Hardware category
PBP also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for PBW is Peta Bytes Written in Computer Hardware category
PBW also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for NUT is Neurotech Unit Terminal in Computer Hardware category
NUT also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for DSK is Digital Sampler Keyboard in Computer Hardware category
DSK also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for DIB is Data Input Bus in Computer Hardware category
DIB also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for DIB is Dual Independent Bus Architecture (pentium Pro+) in Computer Hardware category
DIB also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for DIR is Digital Interface Receiver in Computer Hardware category
DIR also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for DCU is Data Collection Unit in Computer Hardware category
DCU also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for SPU is Sound Processing Unit in Computer Hardware category
SPU also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for SPU is Stereo Pick-up in Computer Hardware category
SPU also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for SPU is System Processing Unit in Computer Hardware category
SPU also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for SPU is Stream Processing Unit in Computer Hardware category
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A Personal Navigation Assistant (PNA) also known as Personal Navigation Device or Portable Navigation Device (PND) is a portable electronic product which combines a positioning capability (such as GPS) and navigation functions.

Some PNA devices are PDAs with limited features and can be unlocked.

INFO: Full form for HIL is Hardware In Loop in Computer Hardware category
HIL also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

The Hercules Graphics Card (HGC) is a computer graphics controller made by Hercules Computer Technology, Inc. that combines IBM's text-only MDA display standard with a bitmapped graphics mode. This allows the HGC to offer both high-quality text and graphics from a single card.

The HGC was very popular, and became a widely supported de facto display standard on IBM PC compatibles. The HGC standard was used long after more technically capable systems had entered the market, especially on dual-monitor setups.

INFO: Full form for HGA is High-resolution Video Graphics Adapter in Computer Hardware category
HGA also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for CLU is Color Look-up in Computer Hardware category
CLU also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

A sound card (also known as an audio card) is an internal expansion card that provides input and output of audio signals to and from a computer under control of computer programs. The term sound card is also applied to external audio interfaces used for professional audio applications.

Sound functionality can also be integrated onto the motherboard, using components similar to those found on plug-in cards. The integrated sound system is often still referred to as a sound card. Sound processing hardware is also present on modern video cards with HDMI to output sound along with the video using that connector; previously they used a S/PDIF connection to the motherboard or sound card.

Typical uses of sound cards or sound card functionality include providing the audio component for multimedia applications such as music composition, editing video or audio, presentation, education and entertainment (games) and video projection. Sound cards are also used for computer-based communication such as voice over IP and teleconferencing.

INFO: Full form for APU is Accelerated Processing Units in Computer Hardware category
APU also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

The AMD Accelerated Processing Unit (APU), formerly known as Fusion, is the marketing term for a series of 64-bit microprocessors from Advanced Micro Devices (AMD), designed to act as a central processing unit (CPU) and graphics processing unit (GPU) on a single die. APUs are general purpose processors that feature integrated graphics processors (IGPs).

AMD announced the first generation APUs, Llano for high-performance and Brazos for low-power devices in January 2011. The second generation Trinity for high-performance and Brazos-2 for low-power devices were announced in June 2012. The third generation Kaveri for high performance devices were launched in January 2014, while Kabini and Temash for low-power devices were announced in the summer of 2013. Since the launch of the Zen microarchitecture, Ryzen and Athlon APU's have released to the global market as Raven Ridge on the DDR4 platform, after Bristol Ridge a year prior.

AMD also supplied semi-custom APU's for consoles starting with the release of Sony PlayStation 4 and Microsoft Xbox One eighth generation video game consoles.

Intel CPUs with integrated Intel Graphics Technology also have a CPU and GPU on a single die, but they do not offer HSA support.

INFO: Full form for ATX is Advanced Technology Extended in Computer Hardware category
ATX also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for HAS is Height Adjustable Stand in Computer Hardware category
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INFO: Full form for HAT is Hardware Address Translation in Computer Hardware category
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INFO: Full form for DRB is Dram (dynamic Random Access Memory) Row Boundary in Computer Hardware category
DRB also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for RVD is Remote Virtual Disk in Computer Hardware category
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INFO: Full form for RVD is Rainbow Versatile Disc in Computer Hardware category
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The Power Management Unit (PMU) is a microcontroller that governs power functions of digital platforms. This microchip has many similar components to the average computer, including firmware and software, memory, a CPU, input/output functions, timers to measure intervals of time, and analog to digital converters to measure the voltages of the main battery or power source of the computer. The PMU is one of the few items to remain active even when the computer is completely shut down, powered by the backup battery.

For portable computers, the PMU is responsible for coordinating many functions, including:

A surface-conduction electron-emitter display (SED) is a display technology for flat panel displays developed by a number of companies. SEDs use nanoscopic-scale electron emitters to energize colored phosphors and produce an image. In a general sense, an SED consists of a matrix of tiny cathode ray tubes, each "tube" forming a single sub-pixel on the screen, grouped in threes to form red-green-blue (RGB) pixels. SEDs combine the advantages of CRTs, namely their high contrast ratios, wide viewing angles and very fast response times, with the packaging advantages of LCD and other flat panel displays. They also use much less power than an LCD television of the same size.

After considerable time and effort in the early and mid-2000s, SED efforts started winding down in 2009 as LCD became the dominant technology. In August 2010, Canon announced they were shutting down their joint effort to develop SEDs commercially, signalling the end of development efforts. SEDs are closely related to another developing display technology, the field emission display, or FED, differing primarily in the details of the electron emitters. Sony, the main backer of FED, has similarly backed off from their development efforts.

INFO: Full form for SED is Secure Encryption Device in Computer Hardware category
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INFO: Full form for PKB is Portable Keyboard in Computer Hardware category
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INFO: Full form for PIV is Pentium Iv Microprocessor in Computer Hardware category
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INFO: Full form for WBB is Woltlab Burning Board in Computer Hardware category
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The MacBook Pro is a line of Macintosh notebook computers introduced in January 2006 by Apple Inc. It is the higher-end model of the MacBook family, sitting above the consumer-focused MacBook Air, and is sold with 13- and 16-inch screens. 17-inch and 15-inch version were sold from April 2006 to June 2012 and January 2006 to November 2019 respectively. During the Apple Event on October 18, 2021, a 14-inch version was announced and the 16-inch model was refreshed using the M1 Pro and M1 Max chips.

The first-generation MacBook Pro used the design of the PowerBook G4, but replaced the PowerPC G4 chips with Intel Core processors, added a webcam, and introduced the MagSafe power connector. The 15-inch model was introduced in January 2006; the 17-inch model in April. Later revisions added Intel Core 2 Duo processors and LED-backlit displays.

The second-generation model debuted in October 2008 in 13- and 15-inch variants, with a 17-inch variant added in January 2009. Called the "unibody" model because its case was machined from a single piece of aluminum, it had a thinner flush display, a redesigned trackpad whose entire surface consisted of a single clickable button, and a redesigned keyboard. Updates brought Intel Core i5 and i7 processors and introduced Intel's Thunderbolt.

The third-generation MacBook Pro was released in 2012: the 15-inch in June 2012, a 13-inch model in October. It is thinner than its predecessor, made solid-state storage (SSD) standard, added HDMI, and included a high-resolution Retina display. It eliminated Ethernet and FireWire ports and the optical drive.

The fourth-generation MacBook Pro, released in October 2016, adopted USB-C for all data ports and power and included a shallower "butterfly"-mechanism keyboard. On all but the base model, the function keys were replaced with a touchscreen strip called the Touch Bar with a Touch ID sensor integrated into the power button.

A revision to the fourth-generation MacBook Pro was released in November 2019. It introduced the Magic Keyboard, which uses a scissor-switch mechanism. The initial 16-inch model with a screen set in narrower bezels was followed by a 13-inch model in May 2020.

Another revision to the fourth generation was released in November 2020 and is the first MacBook Pro to feature an Apple-designed system on a chip, the Apple M1.

The fifth-generation MacBook Pro was released in October 2021, and is the first to be available only with an Apple Silicon system on a chip.