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INFO: Full form for GAS is Gang Anti-Social in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for GAS is Golden Age Service in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for FPU is Family Protection Unit in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for FPU is Formed Police Unit in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for FPU is Formed Police Units in Governmental category
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Great Court is the main court of Trinity College, Cambridge, and reputed to be the largest enclosed courtyard in Europe.

The court was completed by Thomas Nevile, master of the college, in the early years of the 17th century, when he rearranged the existing buildings to form a single court.

The international roughness index (IRI) is the roughness index most commonly obtained from measured longitudinal road profiles. It is calculated using a quarter-car vehicle math model, whose response is accumulated to yield a roughness index with units of slope (in/mi, m/km, etc.). This performance measure has less stochasticity and subjectivity in comparison to other pavement performance indicators, such as PCI, but it is not completely devoid of randomness. The sources of variability in IRI data include the difference among the readings of different runs of the test vehicle and the difference between the readings of the right and left wheel paths. Despite these facts, since its introduction in 1986, the IRI has become the road roughness index most commonly used worldwide for evaluating and managing road systems.

The measurement of IRI is required for data provided to the United States Federal Highway Administration, and is covered in several standards from ASTM International: ASTM E1926 - 08, ASTM E1364 - 95(2005), and others. IRI is also used to evaluate new pavement construction, to determine penalties or bonus payments based on smoothness.

The Initiative & Referendum Institute, or I&R Institute, is a 501(c)(3) tax-exempt educational and research organization dedicated to the study of the I&R process. It is affiliated with the USC-Caltech Center for the Study of Law and Politics. Founded in 1998 by M. Dane Waters, the I&R Institute is dedicated to educating citizens about how the initiative and referendum process has been utilized and in providing information to citizens so they understand and know how to utilize the process.

The Institute was the first international source for non partisan information on the initiative and referendum process and became part of the University of Southern California in 2008 when John G. Matsusaka took over as president. Mr. Waters still serves as the Chair of the Institute.

INFO: Full form for IRI is Insured Retirement Institute in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for IRI is International Research Institute in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for IRI is Implementation Research Institute in Governmental category
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The International Republican Institute (IRI) is an American nonprofit, nonpartisan organization committed to advancing freedom and democracy worldwide by helping political parties to become more issue-based and responsive, assisting citizens to participate in government planning, and working to increase the role of marginalized groups in the political process – including women and youth.

Founded in 1983, and initially known as the National Republican Institute for International Affairs, the IRI's stated mission is to "advance democracy and freedom. We link people with their governments, guide politicians to be responsive to citizens, and motivate people to engage in the political process."

The Institute's activities include assisting political parties and candidates develop their values and institutional structures, good governance practices, civil society development, civic education, women's and youth leadership development, electoral reform and election monitoring, and political expression in closed societies. IRI has been active in Haiti, Honduras, the Middle East, Poland and Georgia. The organization has been criticized for working to help overthrow elected leaders critical of the United States, such as Jean-Bertrand Aristide, Hugo Chavez, and Hun Sen.

In 2018, U.S. Senator John McCain informed the board of his intention to step down as chair of IRI after 25 years in the role and recommended that U.S. Senator Dan Sullivan succeed him. Senator McCain remained a member of the board.

Innovation Research Interchange (IRI) is a nonprofit association based in Arlington, Virginia, United States. Founded in 1938, we lead and advance the field of innovation management by creating contemporary practices. Some of the world’s most widely adopted models – such as “open innovation,” “front end of innovation,” and “stage-gate” – were born from the work of our members. We value strength in cooperation and partner with other organizations at the forefront of developments in innovation management, creating a hub for all to convene and contribute in an experimental, noncompetitive, and noncommercial environment. IRI is a nonpartisan, membership-based organization that brings leaders of R&D together to discover and share best practices in the management of technological innovation.

INFO: Full form for IRI is International Renewal Institute in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for MAN is Movimiento de Acción Nacional in Governmental category
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Movimento de Acção Nacional (National Action Movement or MAN) was a short-lived nationalist organisation in Portugal.

Formed in 1984, the group originated in the Lisbon suburb of Amadora and had a largely youthful membership. Ideologically it rejected liberal democracy, party politics, communism and capitalism and took an ethnic nationalist view, calling for the defence of the Portuguese "race" against immigration and miscegenation. It produced two main journals, Accao and Ofensiva, as well as other more sporadic works that were designed to specifically appeal to members of the skinhead movement, which had become an underground fashion in Portugal around 1987.

Although it was avowedly a cultural organisation the MAN soon developed close links with the country's white power skinhead movement and became associated with street violence against immigrants. The violence culminated in the assassination of a Trotskyite activist for which a number of members were brought to trial in 1992 (although those sympathetic to the group claimed that the death had been as a result of a fight between Trotskyites and MAN supporters). Whilst this trial was on-going MAN officially disbanded but nonetheless the leaders of the group were brought to trial at the Portuguese Constitutional Court for forming a group that espoused 'Fascist ideology', which had been banned by the Constitution of Portugal. The trial attracted much mainstream media attention as it was the first case that the Constitutional Court had heard publicly but ultimately it was unable to pass a judgement as the movement had already disbanded.

Pedrito Grilo was ultimately jailed for 12 years for the murder, a stabbing of activist José Carvalho in Rua da Palma, although he escaped from prison after serving four months.

Although the group had officially ceased to exist, several members went on to join the National Alliance, which was formed in 1995. On its own this group made little impact, although in 1999 it was able to take control of the old Democratic Renovator Party and reconstitute it as the National Renewal Party

INFO: Full form for MAN is Massive Assault Network in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for LSB is Local Standards Board in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for MIB is Men In Blue in Governmental category
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Ministry of Information and Broadcasting may refer to:

INFO: Full form for MIB is Man In Block in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for LSB is Legal Studies in Business in Governmental category
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The Legal Services Board is an independent body responsible for overseeing the regulation of lawyers in England and Wales. It is a non-departmental public body sponsored by the Ministry of Justice, created through the Legal Services Act of 2007 (LSA 2007).

The Legal Services Board is politically and financially independent of the government. Costs are covered entirely by a levy on the approved regulators of the legal professions. Its overriding mandate is to ensure that regulation in the legal services sector is carried out in the public interest and that the interests of consumers are placed at the heart of the system.

The Board came into being on 1 January 2009 and became fully operational on 1 January 2010.

INFO: Full form for LSB is Legislative Service Bureau in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for LSB is Land Study Bureau in Governmental category
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INFO: Full form for LSB is Light Structured Building in Governmental category
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LaGuardia Airport (IATA: LGA, ICAO: KLGA, FAA LID: LGA) is a civil airport in East Elmhurst, Queens, New York City. Covering 680 acres (280 ha) in its present form, the facility first opened in 1939 and is named after former New York City mayor Fiorello La Guardia. Among pilots, it is sometimes referred to as "USS LaGuardia" in reference to its short runways surrounded by Flushing Bay, thus giving the feel of landing on an aircraft carrier.

The airport primarily accommodates domestic US airline flights, as well as limited service to international destinations having US Customs preclearance. As of 2019, it was the third-busiest airport in the New York metropolitan area behind John F. Kennedy and Newark airports, and the twenty-first busiest in the United States by passenger volume. While the airport is a hub for both American Airlines and Delta Air Lines, commercial service is strictly governed by unique regulations including a curfew, a slot system, and a "perimeter rule" prohibiting nonstop flights to or from destinations greater than 1,500 miles (2,400 km).

In recent decades, LaGuardia became known for obsolete and dirty facilities, inefficient air operations, and poor service metrics. Responding to these criticisms, the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey in 2015 announced a multi-billion-dollar reconstruction of the airport's passenger infrastructure, which is expected to be complete by 2025.

The Local Government Association (LGA) is the national membership body for local authorities. Its core membership is made up of 339 English councils and the 22 Welsh councils through the Welsh Local Government Association.

The LGA is politically led and cross-party. As the national voice of local government, it works on behalf of councils to give local government a strong, credible voice with national government, to promote the positive reputation of the sector and to secure funding and powers on behalf of councils and the communities they serve. Through its programme of practical peer-based support it helps councils continuously to improve and innovate and it co-ordinates collective legal actions on behalf of the sector.

The LGA also provides membership services to other organisations through an associate scheme, including fire and rescue authorities, national parks authorities, town councils, police & crime commissioners and elected mayors of combined authorities.

The Chairman of the LGA is Counsellor James Jamieson and the Chief Executive is Mark Lloyd.

A local government area (LGA) is an administrative division of a country that a local government is responsible for. The size of an LGA varies by country but it is generally a subdivision of a state, province, division, or territory.

The phrase is used as a generalised description in the United Kingdom to refer to a variety of political divisions such as boroughs, counties, unitary authorities and cities, all of which have a council or similar body exercising a degree of self-government. Each of the United Kingdom's four constituent countries has its own structure of local government, for example Northern Ireland has local districts; many parts of England have non-metropolitan counties consisting of rural districts; London and many other urban areas have boroughs; there are three islands councils off the coast of Scotland; while the rest of Scotland and all of Wales are divided into unitary authority counties, some of which are officially designated as cities. As such the term local government area is a convenient generic label referring to all of these authorities and the areas within their control.

The term is particularly common in Australia where it is synonymous with "municipality". Local government authorities across the country have similar functions and powers, but have different official designations in different states, and according to whether they are urban or rural. Most urban municipalities in all states are "cities". Many in Western Australia are officially "towns", even within the Perth metropolitan area. Many rural areas in Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria and Western Australia are "shires", while rural areas in South Australia have "district councils", and those in Tasmania officially use the title "municipality".

It is largely for this reason that the term "local government area", or simply "LGA", is favoured over the term "municipality", the use of which could easily lead to confusion. In recent years changes to the structures of local government have given rise to new official designations, while other terms have fallen out of favour. In the mid-1990s the state government of Victoria amalgamated almost all municipalities, abolishing many cities and shires, all towns and all but one borough. Queenscliff, south of Melbourne, is now the only place in Australia that is officially a borough. Meanwhile, many 'rural cities' were formed in largely rural areas where the core town is large enough, in terms of population, to be considered a city. In many such cases that town had previously been governed by a now defunct city council. Restructuring of local government in New South Wales and Queensland in the following decade gave rise to the municipal designations of 'region' and 'area', for example the Sunshine Coast of Queensland was formerly divided into several shires, but is now governed by a single Sunshine Coast Regional Council.

"Local government area" is also an official designation in The Gambia and Nigeria.

INFO: Full form for LGA is Local Government Authority in Governmental category
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