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INFO: Full form for EMUO is Early Morning Urine Osmolality (evaluating urine concentration) in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for IGTT is Impaired Glucose Tolerance Test in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for HCSV is Health Care Services and Value in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for EDVC is Equine Dental and Veterinary Care in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for HCSW is Health Care Support Worker in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for HCSW is Health Counseling and Student Wellness in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for HSVP is Hospital Sao Vicente de Paulo in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for IGTT is Information Governance Training Tool in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for IGV is Intrathoracic Gas Volume in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for KCDC is Korean Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for IGV is Integrative Genomics Viewer in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for HRSP is Hospital Regional S? Paulo in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for ENW is Emergency Nursing World in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for EDAMS is Encephalo-Duro-Arterio-Myo-Synangiosis in Medical category

INFO: Full form for HRSP is Health Reform Support Project in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for EMACO is Etoposide, Methotrexate, Actinomycin D, Cyclosphosphamide, vincristine chemotherapy regimen for higher stage choriocarcinoma in Medical category

INFO: Full form for HRSP is Hospital Regional São Paulo in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for BRAID is Behavioral Risk Assessment for Infectious Diseases in Medical category
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The HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) is a worldwide collaborative clinical trials network that brings together investigators, ethicists, community and other partners to develop and test the safety and efficacy of interventions designed to prevent the acquisition and transmission of HIV. HPTN studies evaluate new HIV prevention interventions and strategies in populations and geographical regions that bear a disproportionate burden of infection. The HPTN is committed to the highest ethical standards for its clinical trials and recognizes the importance of community engagement in all phases of the research process.

The HPTN was established in 2000, building on the work of the HIV Network for Prevention Trials (HIVNET). HPTN’s Leadership and Operations Center (LOC) is based at FHI 360, Durham, NC. Its Laboratory Center (LC) is at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD and Statistical and Data Management Center (SDMC) is housed within the Statistical Center for HIV/AIDS Research and Prevention (SCHARP) at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle, Washington. The HPTN Modelling Centre, part of the SDMC, is a collaboration between the Department of Infectious Diseases Epidemiology at Imperial College London, UK, and SCHARP.

The U.S. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, the U.S. National Institute of Mental Health, Office of The Director, the U.S. National Institute on Drug Abuse, and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, all part of the U.S. National Institutes of Health, co-fund the HPTN.

Hyperparathyroidism is an increase in parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels in the blood. This occurs from a disorder either within the parathyroid glands (primary hyperparathyroidism) or outside the parathyroid glands (secondary hyperparathyroidism). Symptoms of hyperparathyroidism are caused by inappropriately normal or elevated blood calcium leaving the bones and flowing into the blood stream in response to increased production of parathyroid hormone. In healthy people, when blood calcium levels are high, parathyroid hormone levels should be low. With long-standing hyperparathyroidism, the most common symptom is kidney stones. Other symptoms may include bone pain, weakness, depression, confusion, and increased urination. Both primary and secondary may result in osteoporosis (weakening of the bones).

In 80% of cases, primary hyperparathyroidism is due to a single benign tumor known as a parathyroid adenoma. Most of the remainder are due to several of these adenomas. Very rarely it may be due to parathyroid cancer. Secondary hyperparathyroidism typically occurs due to vitamin D deficiency, chronic kidney disease, or other causes of low blood calcium. The diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism is made by finding elevated calcium and PTH in the blood.

Primary hyperparathyroidism may only be cured by removing the adenoma or overactive parathyroid glands. In those without symptoms, mildly increased blood calcium levels, normal kidneys, and normal bone density monitoring may be all that is required. The medication cinacalcet may also be used to decrease PTH levels in those unable to have surgery although it is not a cure. In those with very high blood calcium levels, treatment may include large amounts of intravenous normal saline. Low vitamin D should be corrected in those with secondary hyperparathyroidism but low Vitamin D pre-surgery is controversial for those with primary hyperparathyroidism. Low vitamin D levels should be corrected post-parathyroidectomy.

Primary hyperparathyroidism is the most common type. In the developed world, between one and four per thousand people are affected. It occurs three times more often in women than men and is often diagnosed between the ages of 50 and 60 but is not uncommon before then. The disease was first described in the 1700s. In the late 1800s, it was determined to be related to the parathyroid. Surgery as a treatment was first carried out in 1925.

INFO: Full form for HSVP is Hospital San Vicente de Paul in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for HPTP is Home Parenteral Therapy Program in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for GNSA is Graduate Nursing Student Association in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for GNSA is Graduate Nursing Student Academy in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for CTVC is Comanche Trail Veterinary Center in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for CTVC is Chisholm Trail Veterinary Clinic in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for CTVHCS is Central Texas Veterans Health Care System in Medical category

INFO: Full form for HPTP is Hospital Pharmacy Transformation Programme in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for CTVM is Centre for Tropical Veterinary Medicine (University of Edinburgh) in Medical category

INFO: Full form for HPTP is Health Project for Tribal People in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for JVMR is Journal of Veterinary Medical Research in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for JVMS is Jacksonville Veterinary Medical Society in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for HEWL is Hen Egg White Lysozyme in Medical category

INFO: Full form for JVMS is Journal of Veterinary Medical Science in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for GHSD is Girls Health and Science Day in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for GHSC is Galvanically Hydrogen Stress Cracking in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for HEY is Health Empowerment for You in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for GHSP is Global Health Science and Practice in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for GHSS is Global Health Science and Security in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for GHSP is Global Health Study Program in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for GHSS is Global Health Strategies for Security in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for GHSP is Global Health Service Partnership in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for GHSS is Global health sector strategy in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for GPAL is Gravida, Para, Abortus, Living in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for GPAL is Great Plains Analytical Laboratory in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for HCAT is Health Care Associates Transport in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for GPAL is Great Plains Analytical Laboratories in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for CHAI is Commission For Healthcare Audit And Inspection in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for CHAI is Commission for Healthcare Audit and Improvement (Healthcare Commission) in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for CHADS is Congestive heart failure, Hypertension, Age, Diabetes, prior Stroke in Medical category
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