Explore topic-wise fullforms in Current Affairs

A Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist (CRNA) is a specialized type of advanced practice nurse who administers anesthesia in the United States. CRNAs account for approximately half of the anesthesia providers in the United States and are the main providers of anesthesia in rural America. Historically, nurse anesthetists have been providing anesthesia care to patients since the American Civil War and the CRNA credential came into existence in 1956. CRNA schools issue a master's or doctorate degree to nurses who have completed a program in anesthesia, which ranges from 2-3 years in length.

Scope of practice and practitioner oversight requirements vary between healthcare facility and state, with 20 states and Guam granting complete autonomy as of 2021. In states that have opted out of supervision, the Joint Commission and CMS recognize CRNAs as licensed independent practitioners. In states requiring supervision, CRNAs have liability separate from supervising practitioners and are able to administer anesthesia independently of anesthesiologists.

INFO: Full form for XX is Female Sex Chromosome in Medical category
XX also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for xx is female chromosome in Medical category
xx also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for FLASH is Fun Leisure Access Savings And Health in Medical category
FLASH also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for FLASH is Facilitating Learning About Sexual Health in Medical category
FLASH also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for HTMC is Haughton Thornley Medical Centres in Medical category
HTMC also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for HTMC is Huntingdale Thornlie Medical Centre in Medical category
HTMC also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for HTMC is Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo in Medical category
HTMC also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for SPDE is Service Provider Delivery Environment in Medical category
SPDE also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for XY is male chromosome in Medical category
XY also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for XY is Male Sex Chromosome in Medical category
XY also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for CAT is Concentration Activated Transformation in Medical category
CAT also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for CAT is Chloramphenicol Acetyl Transferase in Medical category
CAT also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for CAT is Carnitine AcytlTransferase in Medical category
CAT also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for CAT is Community Alcohol Team in Medical category
CAT also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

Cardiac arrest is a sudden loss of blood flow resulting from the failure of the heart to pump effectively. It is a rapidly fatal medical emergency requiring immediate intervention with cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) until further treatment can be provided. Cardiac arrest results in rapid loss of consciousness and can result in abnormal or absent breathing. Some individuals may experience chest pain, shortness of breath or nausea immediately before entering cardiac arrest. Radiating pain to one arm is a common symptom, as is long term malaise and "general weakness of heart". If not treated within minutes, it typically leads to death.

The most common cause of cardiac arrest is coronary artery disease. Less common causes include major blood loss, lack of oxygen, very low potassium, heart failure, and intense physical exercise. A number of inherited disorders, including long QT syndrome, may also increase the risk. The initial heart rhythm most often leading up to the condition is ventricular fibrillation. The diagnosis is confirmed by finding no pulse. While cardiac arrest may be caused by heart attack or heart failure, these are not the same.

Prevention includes not smoking, physical activity, and maintaining a healthy weight. Treatment for cardiac arrest includes immediate cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and, if a shockable rhythm is present, defibrillation. Among those who survive, targeted temperature management may improve outcomes. An implantable cardiac defibrillator may be placed to reduce the chance of death from recurrence.

In the United States, approximately 535,000 cases occur a year. About 13 per 10,000 people (326,000 or 61%) experience cardiac arrest outside of a hospital setting, while 209,000 (39%) occur within a hospital. Cardiac arrest becomes more common with age. It affects males more often than females. Via its tendency to cause atrial fibrillation, alcohol use tends to cause generalized heart problems as well. The percentage of people who survive out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with treatment by emergency medical services is about 8%. Many who survive have significant disability.

Many American television programs have portrayed unrealistically high survival rates of 67%. In reality, few survive CPR, and those who do often suffer significant disability as a result.

INFO: Full form for CAT is Change Agent Team in Medical category
CAT also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

INFO: Full form for CAT is Coblation Assisted Tonsillectomy in Medical category
CAT also has other full forms in other categories mentioned below.

Cognitive analytic therapy (CAT) is a form of psychological therapy initially developed in the United Kingdom by Anthony Ryle. This time-limited therapy was developed in the context of the UK's National Health Service with the aim of providing effective and affordable psychological treatment which could be realistically provided in a resource constrained public health system. It is distinctive due to its intensive use of reformulation, its integration of cognitive and analytic practice and its collaborative nature, involving the patient very actively in their treatment.

The CAT practitioner aims to work with the patient to identify procedural sequences; chains of events, thoughts, emotions and motivations that explain how a target problem (for example self-harm) is established and maintained. In addition to the procedural sequence model, a second distinguishing feature of CAT is the use of reciprocal roles (RRs). These identify problems as occurring between people and not within the patient. RRs may be set up in early life and then be replayed in later life; for example someone who as a child felt neglected by parents perceived as abandoning might be vulnerable to feelings of abandonment in later life (or indeed neglect themselves).: 244–245