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The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria (or simply the Global Fund) is an international financing and partnership organization that aims to "attract, leverage and invest additional resources to end the epidemics of HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria to support attainment of the Sustainable Development Goals established by the United Nations". This multistakeholder international organization maintains its secretariat in Geneva, Switzerland. The organization began operations in January 2002. Microsoft founder Bill Gates (through the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation) was one of the first donors to provide seed money for the partnership.

The Global Fund is the world's largest financier of AIDS, TB, and malaria prevention, treatment, and care programs. As of June 2019, the organization had disbursed more than US$41.6 billion to support these programs. According to the organization, in 2018 it helped finance the distribution of 131 million insecticide-treated nets to combat malaria, provided anti-tuberculosis treatment for 5.3 million people, supported 18.9 million people on antiretroviral therapy for AIDS, and since its founding saved 32 million lives worldwide.

The Global Fund is a financing mechanism rather than an implementing agency. Programs are implemented by in-country partners such as ministries of health, while the Global Fund secretariat, whose staff only have an office in Geneva, monitor the programs. Implementation is overseen by Country Coordinating Mechanisms, country-level committees consisting of in-country stakeholders that need to include, according to Global Fund requirements, a broad spectrum of representatives from government, NGOs, faith-based organizations, the private sector, and people living with the diseases. This system has kept the Global Fund secretariat smaller than other international bureaucracies. The model has also raised concerns about conflict of interest, as some of the stakeholders represented on the Country Coordinating Mechanisms may also receive money from the Global Fund, either as grant recipients, sub-recipients, private persons (e.g. for travel or participation at seminars) or contractors.

INFO: Full form for CHAB is Center for the Human-Animal Bond in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for HNAP1 is Human Nucleosome Assembly Protein 1 in Medical category

INFO: Full form for ELAW is Equine Leukocyte Antigen Workshop in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for BCVA is Best-corrected visual acuity in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for BCVA is British Cattle Veterinary Association in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for BQAM is Biometric Quality Assessment Method in Medical category

INFO: Full form for EFWP is Epilepsy Foundation of Western/Central Pennsylvania in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for DG5 is The Public Health part of the European Union in Medical category

INFO: Full form for ELVC is Excimer Laser Vision Centre in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for DOTW is Doctors Of The World in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for ECVN is European College of Veterinary Neurology in Medical category
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A Foundation doctor (FY1 or FY2 also known as a house officer) is a grade of medical practitioner in the United Kingdom undertaking the Foundation Programme – a two-year, general postgraduate medical training programme which forms the bridge between medical school and specialist/general practice training. Being a Foundation Doctor is compulsory for all newly qualified medical practitioners in the UK starting from 2005 onwards. The grade of Foundation Doctor has replaced the traditional grades of pre-registration house officer and senior house officer.

Foundation doctors have the opportunity to gain experience in a series of posts in a variety of specialties and healthcare settings. Learning objectives for each stage are specific and focused on demonstration of clinical competences. Emphasis was on the assessment and management of acutely ill patients, but changes in the curriculum have stressed that chronic conditions are also important. Training also encompasses the generic professional skills applicable to all areas of medicine – teamwork, time management, communication and IT skills.

INFO: Full form for ECVD is European College of Veterinary Dermatology in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for FY1 XX is FY1 appointment in Medical category

INFO: Full form for GBTH is Georgian Bay Turtle Hospital in Medical category
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The American Academy of Anti-Aging Medicine (A4M) is a United States 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization that promotes the field of anti-aging medicine, and the organization trains and certifies physicians in this specialty. As of 2011, approximately 26,000 practitioners had been given A4M certificates. The field of anti-aging medicine is not recognized by established medical organizations, such as the American Board of Medical Specialties (ABMS) and the American Medical Association (AMA). The Academy's activities include lobbying and public relations. The A4M was founded in 1993 by osteopathic physicians Robert M. Goldman and Ronald Klatz, and as of 2013 claimed 26,000 members from 120 countries.

Several of the anti-aging methods recommended by the Academy have wide support among experts in the field, such as exercise and a healthy diet, but others, such as hormone treatments, do not have support from a consensus of the wider medical community. Many scientists studying aging dissociate themselves from the claims of A4M, and critics have accused the group of using misleading marketing to sell expensive and ineffective products. The A4M's founders and merchants who promote products through the organization have been involved in legal and professional disputes.

The activities of the A4M are controversial: in 2003 a commentary on the response of the scientific community to the promotion of anti-aging medicine noted that the activities of the A4M were seen as a threat to the credibility of serious scientific research on aging. According to MSNBC, anti-aging advocates have responded to such criticism by describing it as censorship perpetrated by a conspiracy of the US government, notably the Food and Drug Administration, the AMA, and the mainstream media, motivated by competing commercial interests. Tom Perls of the Boston University School of Medicine, a prominent critic of the organization, has stated that claims of censorship and suppression are a common theme in what he calls "anti-aging quackery".

The European Institute of Women's Health (EIWH) is a women's and family health policy development institution. It was established in 1996, primarily to ensure women's and indeed all aspects of family health and well being were on the European and national member parliament's agendas. The EIWH, is an NGO, established as a company, no shares. Its administrative office is based in Dublin, Ireland and it is a registered charity.

Its work is aimed at positively influencing the European Parliament, European Commission and other international organisations and agencies to ensure the health, well-being of women in particular and their families are and remain a priority issue. They actively work to promote increased understanding of the roles of sex and gender as ways of increasing understanding, managing and so improving health for all.

INFO: Full form for FY2 XX is FY2 appointment in Medical category

INFO: Full form for ABAAHP is American Board of Anti Aging Health Practitioners in Medical category

INFO: Full form for ABAARM is American Board of Anti Aging Regenerative Medicine in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for ABAARM is American Board of Anti Aging and Regenerative Medicine in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for ABAD is American Board of Aesthetic Dentistry in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for ABAL is Australian Breath Analysis Laboratory in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for ABAM is American Board of Addiction Medicine in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for CQUIN is Commissioning for Quality and Innovation in Medical category

INFO: Full form for CQMs is Clincal Quality Measures in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for CQUIN AQ is Commissioning for Quality and Innovation Advancing Quality in Medical category

INFO: Full form for BITT is Boston Immune Technologies Therapeutics in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for ABVP is American Board of Veterinary Practitioners in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for AVACI is Academy of Veterinary Allergy and Clinical Immunology in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for BIVDA is BIVDA British In Vitro Diagnostics Association in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for DUPLUM. is Duplum Twice the quantity in Medical category

INFO: Full form for EHCO is Employers Health Coalition of Ohio in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for ABVM is American Board of Vascular Medicine in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for EAAV is European Association of Avian Veterinarians in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for DHAP is District Health Action Plan in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for BOWR is Bilateral Ovarian Wedge Resection in Medical category
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Failed back syndrome or post-laminectomy syndrome is a condition characterized by chronic pain following back surgeries. Many factors can contribute to the onset or development of FBS, including residual or recurrent spinal disc herniation, persistent post-operative pressure on a spinal nerve, altered joint mobility, joint hypermobility with instability, scar tissue (fibrosis), depression, anxiety, sleeplessness, spinal muscular deconditioning and even Cutibacterium acnes infection. An individual may be predisposed to the development of FBS due to systemic disorders such as diabetes, autoimmune disease and peripheral blood vessels (vascular) disease.

Common symptoms associated with FBS include diffuse, dull and aching pain involving the back or legs. Abnormal sensibility may include sharp, pricking, and stabbing pain in the extremities. The term "post-laminectomy syndrome" is used by some doctors to indicate the same condition as failed back syndrome.

The treatments of post-laminectomy syndrome include physical therapy, microcurrent electrical neuromuscular stimulator, minor nerve blocks, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), behavioral medicine, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) medications, membrane stabilizers, antidepressants, spinal cord stimulation, and intrathecal morphine pump. Use of epidural steroid injections may be minimally helpful in some cases. The targeted anatomic use of a potent anti-inflammatory anti-TNF therapeutics is being investigated.

The number of spinal surgeries varies around the world. The United States and the Netherlands report the highest number of spinal surgeries, while the United Kingdom and Sweden report the fewest. Recently, there have been calls for more aggressive surgical treatment in Europe. Success rates of spinal surgery vary for many reasons.

INFO: Full form for FQAD is Fluoroquinolone-Associated Disability in Medical category

INFO: Full form for CE-DAT is Complex Emergency Database in Medical category

INFO: Full form for BE PRN is Both Eyes Pro Re Nata (in Latin) when necessary in Medical category

INFO: Full form for ELVO is Emergent Large Vessel Occlusion in Medical category

INFO: Full form for FLUS is Follicular Lesion of Undetermined Significance in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for FLUTD is Feline Lower Urinary Tract Disease in Medical category

INFO: Full form for ABVR is American Board Of Veterinary Radiology in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for ACWH is Aspen Center for Women's Health, Inc. in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for ABVS is American Board of Veterinary Specialties in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for FBSS is Fetal Bovine Serum Stimulation in Medical category
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INFO: Full form for DHAP is Deployment Health Assessment Program in Medical category
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