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Parallel Virtual Machine (PVM) is a software tool for parallel networking of computers. It is designed to allow a network of heterogeneous Unix and/or Windows machines to be used as a single distributed parallel processor. Thus large computational problems can be solved more cost effectively by using the aggregate power and memory of many computers. The software is very portable; the source code, available free through netlib, has been compiled on everything from laptops to Crays.

PVM enables users to exploit their existing computer hardware to solve much larger problems at less additional cost. PVM has been used as an educational tool to teach parallel programming but has also been used to solve important practical problems. It was developed by the University of Tennessee, Oak Ridge National Laboratory and Emory University. The first version was written at ORNL in 1989, and after being rewritten by University of Tennessee, version 2 was released in March 1991. Version 3 was released in March 1993, and supported fault tolerance and better portability.

PVM was a step towards modern trends in distributed processing and grid computing but has, since the mid-1990s, largely been supplanted by the much more successful MPI standard for message passing on parallel machines. PVM is free software, released under both the BSD License and the GNU General Public License.

INFO: Full form for WHCP is Web Hosting Control Panel in Networking category
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Profinet (usually styled as PROFINET, as a portmanteau for Process Field Net) is an industry technical standard for data communication over Industrial Ethernet, designed for collecting data from, and controlling equipment in industrial systems, with a particular strength in delivering data under tight time constraints. The standard is maintained and supported by Profibus & Profinet International, an umbrella organization headquartered in Karlsruhe, Germany.

INFO: Full form for ASAG is Asean South American German in Networking category
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An enterprise portal, also known as an enterprise information portal (EIP), is a framework for integrating information, people and processes across organizational boundaries in a manner similar to the more general web portals. Enterprise portals provide a secure unified access point, often in the form of a web-based user interface, and are designed to aggregate and personalize information through application-specific portlets.

One hallmark of enterprise portals is the de-centralized content contribution and content management, which keeps the information always updated. Another distinguishing characteristic is that they cater for customers, vendors and others beyond an organization's boundaries. This contrasts with a corporate portal which is structured for roles within an organization.

INFO: Full form for EIP is External Input Provider in Networking category
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INFO: Full form for NFD is Not Further Defined in Networking category
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INFO: Full form for OPSN is Open Packet Switching Network in Networking category
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INFO: Full form for NLM is Netware Loadable Module in Networking category
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INFO: Full form for NLM is Netware Logging Monitor in Networking category
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INFO: Full form for NLM is Novell Leased Module in Networking category
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INFO: Full form for WICP is Wing Initial Communications Package in Networking category
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INFO: Full form for WICP is Web Information Collection and Preservation in Networking category
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The Routing Policy Specification Language (RPSL) is a language commonly used by Internet Service Providers to describe their routing policies.

The routing policies are stored at various whois databases including RIPE, RADB and APNIC. ISPs (using automated tools) then generate router configuration files that match their business and technical policies.

RFC2622 describes RPSL, and replaced RIPE-181.

RFC2650 provides a reference tutorial to using RPSL in practice to support IPv6 routing policies.

INFO: Full form for RLM is Redundant Link Manager in Networking category
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INFO: Full form for TRAP is Telephone Record and Playback in Networking category
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INFO: Full form for OLNO is Other Licensed Network Operator in Networking category
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INFO: Full form for SETI is Search for Extra Terrestial Intelligence in Networking category
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INFO: Full form for WRR is Weighted Round-robin in Networking category
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INFO: Full form for VSD is Virtual Shared Disk in Networking category
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INFO: Full form for MRSM is Multicast Routing State Monitor in Networking category
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INFO: Full form for LISA is Large Installation System Administration in Networking category
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INFO: Full form for ITSP is Information Technology Service Provider in Networking category
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CUPS (formerly an acronym for Common UNIX Printing System) is a modular printing system for Unix-like computer operating systems which allows a computer to act as a print server. A computer running CUPS is a host that can accept print jobs from client computers, process them, and send them to the appropriate printer.

CUPS consists of a print spooler and scheduler, a filter system that converts the print data to a format that the printer will understand, and a backend system that sends this data to the print device. CUPS uses the Internet Printing Protocol (IPP) as the basis for managing print jobs and queues. It also provides the traditional command line interfaces for the System V and Berkeley print systems, and provides support for the Berkeley print system's Line Printer Daemon protocol and limited support for the server message block (SMB) protocol. System administrators can configure the device drivers which CUPS supplies by editing text files in Adobe's PostScript Printer Description (PPD) format. There are a number of user interfaces for different platforms that can configure CUPS, and it has a built-in web-based interface. CUPS is free software, provided under the Apache License.

INFO: Full form for UGM is Universal Gateway Manager in Networking category
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INFO: Full form for WESP is Webgate Embedded Standard Protocol in Networking category
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INFO: Full form for GASS is Global Access To Secondary Storage in Networking category
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INFO: Full form for GLOW is Graduate Learning On The Web in Networking category
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INFO: Full form for WGS is Work Group Server in Networking category
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INFO: Full form for HEC is Header Error Checksum in Networking category
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INFO: Full form for BRRN is Big Regional Resistance Network in Networking category
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INFO: Full form for CRANE is Common Reliable Accounting for Network Element in Networking category
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INFO: Full form for SUDS is Sudden Usb Death Syndrome in Networking category
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INFO: Full form for DISL is Dynamic Inter-switch Link in Networking category
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INFO: Full form for WSTT is Web Services Testing Tool in Networking category
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INFO: Full form for WAVE is Wide Area Voice Exchange in Networking category
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The AN/CYZ-10 Data Transfer Device, often called a Filler, Crazy 10, ANCD or DTD, is a United States National Security Agency-developed, portable, hand-held fill device, for securely receiving, storing, and transferring data between compatible cryptographic and communications equipment. It is capable of storing 1,000 keys, maintains an automatic internal audit trail of all security-relevant events that can be uploaded to the LMD/KP, encrypts key for storage, and is programmable. The DTD is capable of keying multiple information systems security (INFOSEC) devices and is compatible with such COMSEC equipment as Single Channel Ground and Airborne Radio System (SINCGARS) radios, KY-57 VINSON, KG-84, and others that are keyed by common fill devices (CFDs). The AN/CYZ-10 supports both the DS-101 and DS-102 interfaces.

The DTD weighs about 4 lb (1.8 kg) and is designed to be fully compatible with future INFOSEC equipment meeting DS-101 signaling and benign fill standards. It will eventually replace the legacy family of CFDs, including the KYK-13, KYX-15 electronic storage devices, and the KOI-18 paper tape reader. Note that only the DTD and the KOI-18 support newer, 128-bit keys.

As of mid-2005, refurbished units cost $4000 each.

The DTD was replaced by the AN/PYQ-10 Simple Key Loader (SKL) which was built and designed by Ralph Osterhout and the Secure DTD2000 System (or SDS), a similarly sized unit that employs the Windows CE operating system. The SDS is currently (2006) beginning production.

Reverse-path forwarding (RPF) is a technique used in modern routers for the purposes of ensuring loop-free forwarding of multicast packets in multicast routing and to help prevent IP address spoofing in unicast routing.

In standard unicast IP routing, the router forwards the packet away from the source to make progress along the distribution tree and prevent routing loops. In contrast, the router's multicast forwarding state runs more logically by organizing tables based on the reverse path, from the receiver back to the root of the distribution tree at the source of the multicast. This approach is known as reverse-path forwarding.

INFO: Full form for TESS is Total Enterprise Security Service in Networking category
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INFO: Full form for DGI is Dos Gateway Interface in Networking category
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INFO: Full form for PSTM is Pre-stack Time Migration in Networking category
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INFO: Full form for QPN is Qualitative Probabilistic Network in Networking category
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INFO: Full form for RLOF is Receive Loss of Frame in Networking category
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INFO: Full form for MPTS is Multi Protocol Transport Service in Networking category
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INFO: Full form for TVR is The Virtual Repository in Networking category
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INFO: Full form for OFEP is Optimistic Fair Exchange Protocol in Networking category
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INFO: Full form for RWP is Remote Write Protocol in Networking category
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INFO: Full form for UAG is Unified Access Gateway in Networking category
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INFO: Full form for NWE is Non- Working Equipment in Networking category
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INFO: Full form for UDS is Universal Datacom System in Networking category
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